https://militarnyi.com/en/news/russia-be...f-finland/
Now Russia is escorting these tankers through the "danger area". Again, history repeats. If "the west" wishes to compel Russia to "make peace" in Ukraine short of a total Russian victory it must find a way to do so. There are sanctions in place, but it appears they will not have the desired effect in the near term. Given that, the only choices are 1) status quo and hope Russia quits before Ukraine collapses, or 2) find a way to increase the pressure on Russia that will compel them to seek an end to the war.
One possibility is to start seizing tankers from the shadow fleet. This process would need to happen somewhat rapidly to "work". Some of the Russian POL is exported in tankers flying national flags that are not flags of convenience. At present, 52% of Russian POL exports are carried by the "shadow fleet". Russia understands its vulnerability and is attempting to transfer all this business to customers that it can serve by pipeline. That is going to take time. If Russia is given that time the seizures will not "work".
Another possibility is to sanction any nation that buys Russian POL products. This approach is difficult to make work. First of all, some nations, even NATO nations would have to have at a minimum limited "exemptions". They depend on Russian crude oil for their refineries. These refineries are not quickly convertible to process other crude oil. Furthermore, crude oil shipped in from other nations via tankers would be significantly more expensive than Russian oil arriving by pipeline. Second, the "shadow fleet" can be used to "launder" the oil. Nations can claim they aren't buying Russian oil when clearly they actually are. The politics of applying sanctions to these countries is difficult. There are also a few countries that are difficult to sanction because their trade with "the west" is minimal. North Korea is a prime example but there are others.
The "west" could also do both. There may be other possibilities, but I don't know what they might be. Would such actions drive Russia to the peace table "for real"? Will any such actions be adopted? If not, the alternatives are quite grim.
https://www.yahoo.com/news/graham-warns-...44453.html
If implemented, this would exercise the second option mentioned above. It might "work", but I don't see how such a tariff would be enforced if the executive branch chooses not to do so. It would simply be a gesture.