[Goose]

With JDAMs, because it is a glider the range is dependent on the altitude of the launch vehicle correct? My fear would be that since Ukrainian aircraft are limited to low altitudes and at or behind the frontlines due to AA this would keep them from launching JDAM bombs with sufficient range to be as impactful.

It is dependent on the altitude and speed. Your concern is legitimate. However, it is possible to conduct a zoom climb, launch the JDAM, and head for the deck. This makes the targeting by an S-400 or equivalent problematic (but not impossible). If it was a US operation, it would be preceded by HARM equipped aircraft making a similar maneuver. That in the past has caused the threat radars to be reluctant to operate for a while, even if the HARMs don't hit anything. The JDAM aircraft can also carry HARMS if that package is chosen. This approach works best if the illuminating site loses it's nerve. Of course, that mostly works if the site detects the HARM launch, which they often don't. It is hard to hit a radar with a HARM while you are watching your JDAM display count down to a feasible launch solution. It has been done however.

[Goose]

With JDAMs, because it is a glider the range is dependent on the altitude of the launch vehicle correct? My fear would be that since Ukrainian aircraft are limited to low altitudes and at or behind the frontlines due to AA this would keep them from launching JDAM bombs with sufficient range to be as impactful.

It is dependent on the altitude and speed. Your concern is legitimate. However, it is possible to conduct a zoom climb, launch the JDAM, and head for the deck. This makes the targeting by an S-400 or equivalent problematic (but not impossible). If it was a US operation, it would be preceded by HARM equipped aircraft making a similar maneuver. That in the past has caused the threat radars to be reluctant to operate for a while, even if the HARMs don't hit anything. The JDAM aircraft can also carry HARMS if that package is chosen. This approach works best if the illuminating site loses it's nerve. Of course, that mostly works if the site detects the HARM launch, which they often don't. It is hard to hit a radar with a HARM while you are watching your JDAM display count down to a feasible launch solution. It has been done however.